Green Leadership and Competence in Green Project Management: Roles of Awareness and Culture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70550/joseb.v3i2.425Keywords:
Green Project Management, Green Leadership, Green Competence, Environmental Awareness, Green Organizational CultureAbstract
Objectives: analyze the effects of green leadership and green competence on green project management, with environmental awareness as a mediating variable and green organizational culture as a moderating variable at PT Cipta Griya Semesta.
Methodology: Quantitative, causality design. Population: employees of PT Cipta Griya Semesta; sample: 125 purposively selected respondents (permanent and contract employees directly involved in projects). Analysis used SEM-PLS with SmartPLS 4.0
Finding: Six of eight hypotheses were supported. Green leadership and green competence had positive and significant direct effects on green project management and also significantly affected environmental awareness. Environmental awareness positively influenced green project management and mediated the relationship between green leadership and green project management (H6 accepted). However, environmental awareness did not mediate the effect of green competence on green project management (H7 rejected). Green organizational culture did not moderate the relationship between environmental awareness and green project management (H8 rejected).
Conclusion: Green competence appears to improve project outcomes directly without relying on environmental awareness as an intermediary, while green organizational culture functions as an independent predictor rather than a moderator.
Downloads
References
Agyekum, K., Sackey, K. N., Addoh, F. E., Pittri, H., Sosu, J., & Danso, F. O. (2025). Key Competencies of Built Environment Professionals for Achieving Net-Zero Carbon Emissions in the Ghanaian Construction Industry. MDPI: Buildings, 15(10), 15(10), 1-20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings15101750
Ahmed, R. R., Akbar, W., Aijaz, M., Channar, Z. A., Ahmed, F., & Parmar, V. (2023). The role of green innovation on environmental and organizational performance: Moderation of human resource practices and management commitment. Heliyon, 9(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12679
Ayzan, Z., Cinli, D., & Robertson, J. L. (2025). Green leadership’s predictors and outcomes. Nat Rev Psychol, 4(-), 207-221. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-025-00418-0
Bhandari, K. R., Ranta, M., & Salo, J. (2021). The resource-based view, stakeholder capitalism, ESG, andsustainable competitive advantage: The firm's embeddednessinto ecology, society, and governance. Wiley, 31(4), 1525-1537. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fbse.2967
Doghan, M. A., Soomro, F. A., Bano, S., & Abdelwahed, N. A. (2024). Green competence and environmental performance: Do green empowermentand green passion matter? SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT, 10(1), 1-20. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/27658511.2024.2425187© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativeco
Eustachio, J. H., Caldana, A. C., & Filho, W. L. (2023). Sustainability leadership: Conceptual foundations and research landscape. Journal of Cleaner Production, 415(-), -. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137761.
Farrukh, M., Ansari, N., Raza, A., Wu, Y., & Wang, H. (2022). Fostering employee's pro-environmental behavior through green transformational leadership, green human resource management and environmental knowledge. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 179(-), -. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121643
GBCI. (2025, November 04). Certified Bulding. Retrieved from Green Building Council Indonesia: https://gbcindonesia.org/certbuilding
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T., Ringle, C. M., Sarstedt, M., Danks, N. P., Ray, S., & St., C. (2022). Book Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) Using R. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80519-7
Ketprapakorn, N., & Kantabutra, S. (2022). Toward an organizational theory of sustainability culture. Susainable Production and Consumption, 32(-), 638-654. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spc.2022.05.020
Kibert, C. J. (2022). Sustainable Construction: Green Building Design and Delivery, 5th Edition. Wiley. https://doi.org/-
Li, L., Das, G., Tunio, R. A., Gopang, A. A., & Memon, S. (2025). ynamic capabilities and green innovation in construction SMEs. Sustainable Futures, 10(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2025.100888
Li, X., Liu, Z., & Wuyun, T. (2022). Environmental Value and Pro-environmental Behavior Among Young Adults: The Mediating Role of Risk Perception and Moral Anger. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(-), -. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.771421
Liang, Y., Lee, M. J., & Jung, J. S. (2022). Dynamic Capabilities and an ESG Strategy for Sustainable Management Performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 13(-), -. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.887776
Magano, J., Silvius, G., e Silva, C. S., & Leite, A. (2021). The contribution of project management to a more sustainable society: Exploring the perception of project managers. Elsevier, 2(100020), -. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plas.2021.100020.
Makhloufi, L., Tang, M., Bélaïd, F., & Yaacob, N. a. (2021). Impact of Green Entrepreneurship Orientation on Environmental Performance: The Natural Resource-Based View Perspective. ResearchSquare, 1(1), 1-40. https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-166004/v1
Mirhadian, N., Azizan, O., & Shahriari, M. (2023). The impact of green culture on employee organizational commitment: The mediating role of green identity. Journal of Organizational Change Management,, 34(2), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2023.2222292
Nguyen, X. H., Nguyen, K. L., Nguyen, T. V., Nguyen, T. T., & Ta, V. L. (2023). The Impact of Green Organizational Capabilities on Competitive Advantage of Construction Enterprises in Vietnam: The Mediating Role of Green Innovation. Sustainability, 15(16), 1-16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su151612371
Robinson, J. (2023). Likert Scale. In: Maggino, F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-17299-1_1654
Schoolmedia, E. (2025, October 10). Indonesia Naikan Target Pengurangan Emisi 31,89% Tahun 2030. Retrieved from School Media News: https://schoolmedia.id/berita/5995/indonesia-naikan-target-pengurangan-emisi-3189-tahun-2030#:~:text=Melalui%20dokumen%20terbaru%20Nationally%20Determined,89%25%20di%20tahun%202030%20mendatang.
Shen, X., Xu, Q., & Liu, Q. (2022). Predicting sustainable food consumption across borders based on the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analytic structural equation model. PLoS ONE, 17(11), -. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275312
Soemantri, A. I. (2025). Pembangunan Berkelanjutan dan Ekonomi Hijau. Widina Media Utama. https://doi.org/-
Susilo, D. (2022). nalisis penerapan konstruksi hijau dan kendala pada proyek gedung di Indonesia. . Jurnal Konstruksi Indonesia, 8(2), 145–159.
Tareke, K. M. (2024). Mediating Role of Environmental Awareness for the Nexus between Perceived Risks of COVID-19 Pandemic and Use of Sustainable Transportation: Evidence from Urban Passengers in Ethiopia, 2022. Environmental Research Communications, 6(5), 1-24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/2644236
Wegenberger, O., & Ponocny, I. (2025). Green Skills Are Not Enough: Three Levels of Competences from an Applied Perspective. Sustainability, 17(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/su17010327
Younis, Z., & Hussain, S. (2023). Green Transformational Leadership: Bridging the gap between Green HRM Practices and Environmental Performance through Green Psychological Climate. Sustainable Futures, 6(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sftr.2023.100140
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Sustainable Economic and Business
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
